Aims
All women with non-mucinous epithelial ovarian cancers should be referred for genetic testing, particularly for BRCA1/2, to access targeted therapy, identify those who may benefit from risk-reducing surgery and predicting familial risks. This retrospective study aimed to determine the rate of germline and/or somatic BRCA testing in women with high-grade serous ovarian cancer. Secondary outcomes were the number of women with a germline or somatic only mutation, and to find characteristics associated with reduced testing.
Methods
All adult women with high-grade serous ovarian cancer discussed at the two South Australian gynaecology-oncology multidisciplinary meetings from January 2020 to June 2021 were included. Descriptive statistics were used for the primary outcome. Characteristics were assessed for significance using chi-square or Fisher’s exact test. Significant variables were further analysed with multivariable logistic regression.
Results
Of the 127 women included, 117 (92.1%) had germline testing, 78 (61.4%) had somatic testing and 7 (5.5%) had neither. Of the women who had germline testing, 17 (14.5%) had pathogenic variants and 1 with a germline mutation did not have a somatic mutation. Of the 103 women who were germline wild-type or were not tested, 60 (58.3%) proceeded to have somatic testing. Of the women who had somatic testing, 15 (19.2%) had pathogenic variants, 7 of which were somatic only mutations. Overall, 24 (18.9%) had either germline or somatic pathogenic variants. Women who had surgery (OR 4.32, 95% CI 1.15-16.22, p=0.03) were more likely to have germline testing. No characteristics resulted in statistically significant differences in the rates of somatic testing.
Conclusion
Quality improvement measures and a standardised approach to testing is required to improve the uptake of testing in South Australia. Both somatic and germline testing are important due to the risk of false negatives with somatic testing and the chance to have a somatic only mutation.