Aims: The open-label, phase 2 LEAP-009 (NCT04428151) study is designed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of lenvatinib + pembrolizumab or lenvatinib monotherapy versus chemotherapy in R/M HNSCC after progression on platinum-based therapy and a PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor.
Methods: Approximately 400 adults with locally incurable, histologically confirmed R/M HNSCC (of the oral cavity, oropharynx, hypopharynx, and/or larynx) will be randomly assigned 3:3:2 to lenvatinib 20 mg PO QD + pembrolizumab 200 mg IV Q3W (≤35 pembrolizumab cycles), standard-of-care chemotherapy (investigator’s choice of docetaxel, paclitaxel, cetuximab, or capecitabine), or lenvatinib monotherapy 24 mg PO QD. Patients must have an ECOG PS of 0 or 1, no ulceration and/or fungation of disease on skin, disease progression on or after platinum-based therapy (± cetuximab) and PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor (progression ≤12 weeks from last dose; received ≥2 doses). Treatment continues until centrally verified disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, or withdrawal. Participants who experience centrally verified disease progression in chemotherapy or lenvatinib monotherapy arms can cross over to lenvatinib + pembrolizumab at time of disease progression with sponsor consultation. Stratification factors are PD-L1 tumor proportion score (<50% vs ≥50%) and ECOG PS (0 vs 1). Imaging will be performed Q6W through year 1 and Q9W thereafter. Response will be assessed per RECIST v1.1 by blinded independent central review. Safety will be monitored until 30 days following treatment end (90 days for serious AEs). The primary end point is objective response rate. Secondary end points are progression-free survival, duration of response, overall survival, and safety.
Results: LEAP-009 is enrolling patients in North America, Europe, Asia, and Australia. Recruitment is currently underway.
Conclusion: Results of LEAP-009 will provide clarification on the efficacy and safety of lenvatinib with or without pembrolizumab vs chemotherapy for patients with R/M HNSCC upon progression after platinum and immunotherapy.
Clinical trial registration: NCT04428151